The Importance of Fire Doors in Care Homes

Tuesday 10th September 2024

With an aging population and the requirement of care homes always increasing, it is paramount that all aspects of fire safety are taken into consideration when fire risk assessments, and even individual care plans are being assessed. Fire Doors in care homes are a critical part of the fire strategy and must be correctly installed and maintained to prevent the spread of fire and smoke.

Why are fire doors in care homes important ?

Unlike high street stores and office blocks, it is very unlikely that everyone would be able to evacuate simultaneously in a care home. For a variety of reasons such as mobility issues, or physical or mental disability. Common practice within a care home setting is a phased or horizontal evacuation when the initial alarm has sounded. Evacuation of this nature can be the most safe and effective. Especially with appropriate fire equipment which is correctly installed and maintained. This can include correctly fitted fire doors and hardware. Correctly fitted fire doors ensure that staff are able to evacuate those with mobility issues, without risk. Acquiring appropriate evacuation devices in order to provide safe evacuation.

Essentially the primary purpose of a fire rated door, is to physically place barriers and compartmentalise a building. By installing purpose-built fire doors correctly, it slows down the progression of a fire. As well as limiting the damage to the property before the emergency services are able to attend the scene. During this time, fire doors help to contain the fire long enough to provide valuable extra minutes. Therefore allowing occupants to evacuate safely unaided or with the assistance of staff.

What fire doors are required in a care setting?

Fire doors should have an appropriate fire rating specified in a fire risk assessment. Fire doors can either be 30 minute or 60-minute rating. General guidance for care homes usually advise a 60-minute fire rated fire door. However, it is critical that a fire risk assessment is actioned as it is specific to that particular environment. It takes into consideration the residents and the additional fire risks within the building. Each of the doors should also have fire and smoke seals installed in the door or frame. Ensuring that escape routes are not compromised during the evacuation process, and smoke inhalation is reduced significantly.

Fire doors & accessibility

Never prop a fire door in a care home open with a wedge — Never prop, wedge, or tie open a fire door

In order for a fire door to perform its purpose properly, the door must be able to close completely. Accessibility is key for a care home and fire doors can cause issues where this is concerned as they can be very heavy to operate. Most of the residents do not have the strength to open a fire door. Propping, wedging, or tying a fire door open should never be practised. However, specialist devices such as overhead door closers and retaining devices can assist with this.

Overhead door closers ensure that a fire door closes fully. This allows for proper compartmentalisation to take place, and contains a fire within a room for a specified time period. To assist in maintaining accessibility, care homes may also use fire door holders, or retainers. These provide a legal solution to hold open fire doors. Upon receiving a signal from a fire alarm panel or sounder, the retainer device will release the door. Overhead door closers can be used in conjunction with door holders and retainers, ensuring the door closes completely.

Accessibility solutions for care homes

The Fireco Pro System and the Agrippa products improve accessibility making it easier for the individuals that use them. Improving ventilation within a building can also be achieved by installing suitable fire door retaining systems.

Fireco Pro Dorgard holding open a fire door legally — Fireco Pro Dorgard legally keeping door open

The Fireco Pro System provides a solution for fire doors where doors can be left open safely. This means air circulation can be improved, but fire doors will still close and provide protection to residents in the event of an emergency. Directly linked to the fire alarm panel system in the premises, fire doors are released to close when the alarm sounds. A Fireco Pro system can consist of a variety of different products. This can include, retainers, door closers, door holders, and the hub itself. Once installed, the Fireco Pro system provides an effective fire door retainer and closer solution.

Geofire Agrippa holding a fire door in a care home open legally — Geofire Agrippa holding the door open via a magnet

Whereas, the Geofire Agrippa provides a simple retrofit solution, with no wiring at all. ‘Listening’ for the alarm system, the Agrippa is acoustically triggered when the alarm sounds. Upon hearing the alarm, the magnet disengages and allows the door to close with the aid of a door closer.

Fire doors are heavy and residents can benefit significantly from having simple accessibility solutions like this fitted.

Fire door maintenance is critical

Qualified fire door inspector, inspecting a fire door in a care home — Qualified inspector performing a fire door inspection

Maintenance on any fire door is critical. However, in places like care homes, they rely heavily on phased evacuations. Therefore, it is paramount that fire doors in care homes are maintained in good working order, including all appropriate hardware. Ensuring that the fire door is able to provide the vital 30 or 60-minutes allows residents a better chance to evacuate safely. This may be under their own ability or with the aid of specialist equipment and support from staff members.

Maintenance of a fire door, usually starts with a fire door inspections. These inspections must completed by qualified inspectors and should be performed annually. Functionality checks must be performed every 6 months by a Competent Person. For some residential environments, which have two or more floors, fire door checks should be performed every 3 months.

How to do the functionality checks

It is critical to ensure that your fire doors are fit for purpose. Follow these simple steps to perform a functionality check:

Identify the door is fire rated.
Check the gaps and seals around the door for damage or breakage.
Inspect the hinges and the door closer. Testing their functionality.
Ensure that the door is clearly marked with correct signs on both sides of the door.
Assess any and all fire door retainers or free-swing door closers. Ensure that they are installed and work correctly.

If any of the door or installed hardware are damaged, broken, or even missing, your fire door is not fit for purpose and the component should be replaced immediately. Use our handy fire door inspection checklist to guide you through the process, ensuring that you do not miss or overlook a vital component.

It is a legal requirement to maintain any and all fire safety equipment, including fire doors. This is in accordance with the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 which states fire safety equipment must be kept in ‘good working order’. Failure to maintain all your fire safety equipment, could result in fines, or even permanent closure of your business. According to the RRFSO, fire risk assessments must be carried out in any business and organisation. This must be performed by a Responsible Person or Fire Risk Assessor. All fire safety risks are assessed, a plan of action created, and actioned within the premises.

Toni Harrison

Toni is one of our product administrators.

Latest Posts by Toni Harrison

The Importance of Fire Doors in Care Homes10th September 2024

Evacuation Chair Training Requirements

Monday 10th August 2015

As with any other item of fire safety equipment, there is a requirement to deliver training. If an organisation determines that an evacuation chair is required sufficient training should be provided. Evacuation chair training ensures that nominated staff members can act quickly and confidently when called to do so. Evacuation chair training is therefore required to fulfil what HSE identify as organisations’ ‘duty to provide a means of escape for disabled people’.

Evacuation chair training in a a classroom — Training can be delivered to groups of up to 4 delegates

Is evacuation chair training a legal requirement?

Yes, where evacuation chairs are installed, staff must legally be trained to use the equipment. This is required by the Equality Act 2010, which recognises the difficulties that some individuals may face during an evacuation. Under this act, organisations are responsible for providing means for safe evacuation of every building occupant. This includes both installing evacuation chairs where required, and training enough staff to use them. According to the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations (PUWER) 1998, equipment provided for use at work can be ‘used only by people who have received adequate information, instruction and training.’ This is essential for evacuation chairs, which are considered to be medical equipment. Misuse in a stressful evacuation situation puts the operator, the chair user, and those around them at risk of injury.

Why is evacuation chair training required?

There are legislative requirements for evacuation chair training. The qualification ensures the safety and confidence of both the chair user and the operator. If not used correctly, lives could be put at risk. Training is therefore essential to ensure the competence of the chair operator, who has undertaken a significant personal responsibility to evacuate a friend, colleague, or visitor to safety in an emergency.

Evacuating a pregnant lady in an evacuation chair — Individuals may need support to evacuate for a variety of reasons

Who should receive training?

Due to the significant responsibility placed on individuals who receive training, it is important to ensure that they meet the following criteria:

They are a willing volunteer – no one should be forced to take on this responsibility.
They are responsible – staff members selected should be sensible, reliable, and understand the importance of their role.
They work in the vicinity of the person identified as needing support. It must be practical and possible for the trained member of staff to get to both the chair and the chair user in an emergency (e.g., they should work on the same floor).
They are physically able. Nominees trained to use the chair don’t need to be incredibly strong, but mobility and stamina might be required.
There should be enough individuals trained to cover shift patterns and absence from work.

How often should training be refreshed?

Once an individual has successfully completed an evacuation chair training course, they can operate that model of chair for up to 3 years. After this time, refresher training is legally required. There are several other reasons that evacuation chair training might need to be carried out again. If a member of staff who is trained to use the chair leaves, is promoted, or otherwise becomes unable to operate it, a replacement member of staff must be trained. Similarly, if a new FRA, PEEP, or fire drill identifies an individual who would not be able to evacuate, and an additional chair is installed, another member of staff must receive evacuation chair training.

evacuation chair training on a staircase — Training provides delegates with the necessary skills and confidence to support safe evacuation

How many people should receive training on your evacuation chairs?

At a minimum, there must be one evacuation chair installed for every person who would need support to evacuate. For every chair installed, at least one member of staff must be trained and confident to operate it. However, to ensure the safety of all building users when trained staff are unavailable (on annual leave, off sick, or moved to a different office), it is sensible to train additional members of staff where possible. Enrolling a member of staff in a ‘Train the Trainer’ course can be a cost-effective way for training to be dispersed throughout your organisation.

Fulfilling your organisation’s evacuation chair training requirements

For more information about the importance of training and maintenance for evacuation chairs visit our help guide. Book an evacuation chair training course with Safelincs to equip your employees with comprehensive theoretical and practical training from a fully qualified and experienced trainer. These on-site evacuation chair trainings courses are available nationwide, and suitable for up to 6 participants per course.

It’s the smoke that kills…

Tuesday 10th March 2009

There is a fire in your house, the staircase is full of smoke preventing you from escaping – unless you have a fire escape hood.

It is worn over the head and protects the head from heat and thermal radiation, the eyes from harmful irritant gases and can provide protection for 15 minutes from the most toxic gases produced in fires including carbon monoxide, acrolein, hydrogen choloride and hydrogen cyanide. The hood is easy to use, portable and can be easily stored in your home by your bedside. It can also be taken with you for use in hotels and transportation. Make sure you buy your fire escape hood from a reputable company and check it has the right specifications and is CE marked to EN 403:1993. See our fire escape hood information sheet for detailed specifications.

Don’t miss Horizon, BBC2, 21.00, tonight – “How to survive a disaster” – the ultimate guide to disaster survival using survivor testimonies from plane crashes, ferry disasters and even 9/11 and providing a guide to increasing your chances of survival through mindset, techniques and aides including fire escape hoods.