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Alarms Suitable for English Landlord Regulations

From 1st October 2022 in England and Wales, The Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Alarm (Amendment) Regulations 2022 will require all social housing providers and landlords to ensure suitable, working smoke and carbon monoxide (CO) alarms are installed in their properties. This expands the scope of the 2015 landlord regulations which originally excluded social housing and focused on the private rental sector.

The requirements for CO alarms have also been expanded for all landlords, private and social, from just where a solid fuel burning appliance is fitted to include all fixed combustion appliances other than a gas cooker – though gas cookers can still be a source of lethal carbon monoxide, so Safelincs strongly recommends CO alarms be provided for these appliances as well.

Government guidance recommends the use of alarms powered by ‘sealed for life’ models such as those using lithium batteries. To ensure a fire is detected as soon as possible and all occupants are alerted to the danger, interlinked or interconnected alarms such as radio-frequency (RF) battery alarms or hardwired mains alarms talk to each other and all will sound if one detects a possible fire or carbon monoxide leak.

Where guidance overlaps or conflicts, properties in Wales must follow the Renting Homes (Fitness for Human Habitation) (Wales) Regulations 2022 instead.

Mains Powered 2 Smoke Alarms and 1 Heat Alarm Kit with Alkaline Back-up Battery - Kidde Firex KF Series

  • Power: 230V mains powered with alkaline back-up battery
  • Back-up Battery: 9V alkaline battery (included)
  • Warranty: 6 year warranty
  • Hardwire interlink with up to 24 devices
  • Suitable for BS 5839-6: 2019 Grade D2 installations
  • Also suitable for both the Welsh and Scottish 2022 legislation
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4.7 out of 5 stars

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Mains Powered 2 Smoke Alarms and 1 Heat Alarm Kit with Self-Charging 10 Year Back-up Battery - Kidde Firex KF-R Series

  • Power: 230V mains powered with self-charging lithium back-up battery
  • Back-up Battery: Self-charging 10 year back-up battery
  • Warranty: 6 year warranty
  • Hardwire interlink up to 24 compatible devices
  • Suitable for BS 5839-6: 2019 Grade D1 installations
  • Compliant with Scottish 2022, Welsh Landlord 2022, and Northern Ireland Landlord 2024 legislation
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4.3 out of 5 stars

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Mains Powered 3 Smoke Alarms and 1 Heat Alarm Kit with Alkaline Back-up Battery - Kidde Firex KF Series

  • Power: 230V mains powered with alkaline back-up battery
  • Back-up Battery: 9V alkaline battery (included)
  • Warranty: 6 year warranty
  • Hardwire interlink with up to 24 devices
  • Suitable for BS 5839-6: 2019 Grade D2 installations
  • Also suitable for both the Welsh and Scottish 2022 legislation
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Mains Powered 3 Smoke Alarms and 1 Heat Alarm Kit with Self-Charging 10 Year Back-up Battery - Kidde Firex KF-R Series

  • Power: 230V mains powered with self-charging lithium back-up battery
  • Back-up Battery: Self-charging 10 year back-up battery
  • Warranty: 6 year warranty
  • Hardwire interlink up to 24 compatible devices
  • Suitable for BS 5839-6: 2019 Grade D1 installations
  • Compliant with Scottish 2022, Welsh Landlord 2022, and Northern Ireland Landlord 2024 legislation
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Mains Powered Smoke Alarms & Heat Alarms with Alkaline Back-up Battery - Firehawk BB Series

These Firehawk mains-powered smoke and heat alarms with hardwire interlink and replaceable AAA alkaline back-up batteries are suitable for Grade D2 systems to warn all occupants of a fire.

  • 230V mains power with alkaline battery backup
  • 6 years manufacturer's warranty
  • Hardwire interlink up to 15 Firehawk FHN smoke and heat alarms.
  • Also suitable for the 2022 Scottish legislation

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Mains Powered Smoke Alarms & Heat Alarms with Alkaline Back-up Battery - Aico Ei140e Series

  • 230V mains powered with alkaline back-up battery
  • Available in Optical and Heat versions (Ei146e, Ei144e)
  • Made in Ireland by Ei Electronics
  • Interlinks with up to 12 units
  • Kitemarked, CE marked and suitable for BS 5839-6: 2019 Grade D2 installations
  • Please note: Alarms are sold individually
  • Also suitable for both the Welsh and Scottish 2022 legislation
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Mains Powered Radio-Interlink 2 Smoke Alarms and 1 Heat Alarm Kit with Alkaline Back-up Battery - Aico Ei140eRF Series

  • Power: 230V mains powered with alkaline back-up battery
  • Back-up Battery: 9V alkaline battery (included)
  • Warranty: 5 year warranty
  • Radio-interlink with up to 12 compatible devices
  • Suitable for BS 5839-6: 2019 Grade D2 installations
  • Compliant with Scottish 2022, Welsh Landlord 2022, and Northern Ireland Landlord 2024 legislation
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Mains Powered Radio-Interlink 3 Smoke Alarms and 1 Heat Alarm Kit with Alkaline Back-up Battery - Aico Ei140eRF Series

  • Power: 230V mains powered with alkaline back-up battery
  • Back-up Battery: 9V alkaline battery (included)
  • Warranty: 5 year warranty
  • Radio-interlink with up to 12 compatible devices
  • Suitable for BS 5839-6: 2019 Grade D2 installations
  • Compliant with Scottish 2022, Welsh Landlord 2022, and Northern Ireland Landlord 2024 legislation
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Mains Powered Smoke Alarms & Heat Alarms with Self-Charging 10 Year Back-up Battery - Firehawk RB Series

With self-charging back-up batteries, these mains-powered smoke and heat alarms from Firehawk won't need new batteries for their full 10 year lifespan. Ideal for Grade D1 and Scottish installations.

  • 230V mains power with self-charging lithium battery backup
  • 10 years manufacturer's warranty
  • Hardwire interlink up to 15 Firehawk smoke and heat alarms.
  • Also suitable for the 2022 Scottish legislation

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4.7 out of 5 stars

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Mains Powered Smoke Alarms & Heat Alarms with Self-Charging 10 Year Back-up Battery - Aico Ei3000 Series

  • Available in Optical, Heat, Combined Optical & Heat, and Combined Heat & CO
  • Mains powered alarms with sealed lithium back-up battery
  • AudioLINK technology fitted as standard
  • Interlinks with up to 12 compatible devices
  • Compatible with Ei3000MRF SmartLINK Module for radio-interlinking
  • Suitable for BS 5839-6: 2019 Grade D1 installations
  • Also suitable for both the Welsh and Scottish 2022 legislation
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5 out of 5 stars

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Mains Powered Carbon Monoxide Alarm with Self-Charging 10 Year Back-up Battery - Aico Ei3018

  • Product Lifespan: 10 years
  • Power: 230V mains powered with battery backup
  • Backup Battery: Re-chargeable lithium battery
  • Warranty: 5 year warranty
  • AudioLINK: real time data extraction to a smart phone
  • High performance electrochemical sensor
  • Hardwire interlink with up to 12 compatible alarms
  • Kitemarked to BS EN 50291-1: 2010
  • Suitable for ceiling installation
  • Also suitable for both the Welsh and Scottish 2022 legislation
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4 out of 5 stars

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Mains Radio-Interlink Smoke Alarms & Heat Alarms with Self-Charging 10 Year Back-up Battery - Aico Ei3000RF Series

  • Available in Optical, Heat and Combined Optical and Heat
  • Mains powered alarms with tamper-proof lithium back-up batteries
  • Suitable for BS 5839-6: 2019 Grade D1 installations
  • Supplied with an Ei3000MRF SmartLINK Module for radio-interlinking
  • Hybrid (wired or wireless) interlinking with up to 12 compatible devices
  • Please note: alarms are sold individually
  • Also suitable for both the Welsh and Scottish 2022 legislation
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Mains Radio-Interlinked Carbon Monoxide Alarm with Self-Charging 10 Year Back-up Battery - Aico Ei3018RF

  • Product Lifespan: 10 years
  • Power: 230V mains powered with battery backup
  • Backup Battery: Re-chargeable lithium battery
  • Warranty: 5 year warranty
  • High performance CO sensor
  • Interlinking with up to 12 devices
  • Radio-interlinking via SmartLINK module (supplied)
  • Kitemarked to BS EN 50291-1: 2010
  • Suitable for ceiling installation
  • Also suitable for both the Welsh and Scottish 2022 legislation
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4 out of 5 stars

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Radio-Interlinked Sealed Battery 3 Smoke, 1 Heat, and 1 CO Alarm Kit - Hispec RF10-Pro Range

  • Battery: 10 year sealed lithium battery
  • Warranty: 5 year warranty
  • Radio-interlink up to 20 Hispec RF10-Pro Alarms
  • Suitable for BS 5839-6: 2019 Grade F1 installations
  • Compatible with the Hispec Control Unit
  • Also suitable for the 2022 Scottish legislation
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Mains Powered 3 Smoke Alarms and 1 Heat Alarm Kit with Alkaline Back-up Battery - Aico Ei140e Series

  • Power: 230V mains powered with alkaline back-up battery
  • Warranty: 5 year warranty
  • 3 x optical smoke alarms and 1 x heat alarm included in the kit
  • Central test and hush buttons
  • Hardwire interlink with up to 12 devices
  • Suitable for BS 5839-6: 2019 Grade D2 installations
  • Compliant with Scottish 2022, Welsh Landlord 2022, and Northern Ireland Landlord 2024 legislation
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Mains Powered 2 Smoke Alarms and 1 Heat Alarm Kit with Alkaline Back-up Battery - Aico Ei140e Series

  • Power: 230V mains powered with alkaline back-up battery
  • Warranty: 5 year warranty
  • 2 x optical smoke alarms and 1 x heat alarm included
  • Test and hush buttons
  • Hardwire interlink with up to 12 devices
  • Suitable for BS 5839-6: 2019 Grade D2 installations
  • Compliant with Scottish 2022, Welsh Landlord 2022, and Northern Ireland Landlord 2024 legislation
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Radio-Interlinked Sealed Battery 2 Smoke Alarms & 1 Heat Alarm Kit - Firehawk W Series

  • Detector Battery: 10 Year Sealed Lithium
  • Wireless Base Battery: 7 Year Sealed Lithium
  • Warranty: 7 year manufacturer's warranty
  • Easy expansion – Interlink up to 15 alarms
  • Also suitable for the 2022 Scottish legislation
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4.6 out of 5 stars

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Radio-Interlink Sealed Battery 3 Smoke and 1 Heat Alarm Kit - Firehawk W Series

  • Detector Battery: 10 year sealed lithium battery
  • Wireless Base Battery: 7 Year Sealed Lithium
  • Warranty: 7 year manufacturer's warranty
  • Easy expansion – Interlink up to 15 alarms
  • Also suitable for the 2022 Scottish legislation
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4.7 out of 5 stars

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Radio-Interlink Sealed Battery 3 Smoke, 1 Heat Alarm and CO Alarm Kit - Firehawk W Series

  • Detector Battery: 10 year sealed lithium battery
  • Wireless Base Battery: 7 year sealed lithium
  • Warranty: 7 year manufacturer's warranty
  • Easy expansion – Interlink up to 15 alarms
  • Also suitable for the 2022 Scottish legislation
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2022 English Legislation

2022 English Legislation

From 1st October 2022 in England and Wales, The Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Alarm (Amendment) Regulations 2022 will require all social housing providers and landlords to ensure suitable, working smoke and carbon monoxide (CO) alarms are installed in their properties. This expands the scope of the 2015 landlord regulations which originally excluded social housing and focused on the private rental sector.

A general summary of the new requirements are:

  • One smoke alarm on each storey where there is a room used as living accommodation.
  • One carbon monoxide alarm in any room used as living accommodation which contains a fixed combustion appliance (excluding gas cookers).
  • Ensure smoke alarms and carbon monoxide alarms are repaired or replaced once informed and found that they are faulty.
  • Alarms must be installed in compliance with British Standards BS 5839-6.
  • Where there is a carbon-fuelled appliance (e.g. boiler or gas cooker) or a flue, a carbon monoxide alarm is also required.
  • Where battery powered alarms are selected, alarms with 'sealed for life' batteries are recommended.

It is the landlord's duty to ensure a sufficient number of suitable alarms are installed correctly and working at the start of each tenancy. After this, the tenants must perform regular testing and maintenance (including replacing batteries). If an alarm is faulty and replacing the batteries does not rectify the issue, the tenant must inform the landlord who will arrange the repair or replacement of the alarm. However, landlords are recommended to provide a demonstration and instructions to tenants for the testing and maintenance, and must make an informed decision to meet the needs of tenants with special requirements or disabilities.

Alarm Power Requirements

Alarm Power Requirements

Although the new legislation does not directly state the power source or interlink type required for alarms to be compliant, Government guidance does say that alarms should comply with British Standard BS 5839-6, the Code of Practice for Fire Detection and Alarm Systems in Domestic Premises. BS 5839-6: 2019 also has a table of recommended alarms for different types of domestic premises, with rented properties being advised to install Grade D1 alarms in Category LD2 positions – all circulation spaces that form part of escape routes plus all rooms and areas that present a high fire risk to occupants, such as kitchens and living rooms.

Any mains-powered alarms, regardless of sensor type, must be permanently wired into a mains circuit. Alarms which use a mains plug are not suitable for the updated regulations.

Smoke & Heat Alarm Grades

British Standard 5839 Part 6 is a code of practice relating to the design, installation and maintenance of fire detection systems in domestic premises. The standard also grades fire detection systems which reflects their functionality and capability. The below table details the up-to-date grades for fire detection systems.

Alarm Grades by Power Type (BS 5839 Part 6)

BS 5839-6: 2019 Grade Alarm Power Type Grade Description
Grade F1 Battery Operated (Lithium) System of one or more battery-powered smoke alarms (and heat alarms if required). The battery must be tamper-proof and last the full life of the alarm.
Grade F2 Battery Operated (Alkaline) System of one or more battery-powered smoke alarms (and heat alarms if required). The battery is user-replaceable and will not last the full life of the alarm.
Grade D1 Mains Powered (Lithium Back-up) System incorporating one or more interlinked mains-powered smoke alarms (and heat alarms if required), each with an integral stand-by supply. They can be hardwire-interlinked or radio-interlinked. The stand-by supply must be tamper-proof and last the full life of the alarm.
Grade D2 Mains Powered (Alkaline Back-up) System incorporating one or more interlinked mains-powered smoke alarms (and heat alarms if required), each with an integral stand-by supply. They can be hardwire-interlinked or radio-interlinked. The stand-by supply is user-replaceable and will not last the full life of the alarm.
Grade C Mains Powered (Dedicated Circuit + Back-up) System consisting of fire detectors and alarm sounders (which may be domestic smoke alarms) connected to a common power supply, comprising normal mains and stand-by supply, with central control equipment.
Grade A Mains Powered (Panel - Built-in PSU + Back-up) Fire detection system incorporating control and indicating equipment to BS EN 54-2, power supply to BS EN 54-4, and installed to BS 5839 Part 1, with some very minor exceptions.

 

For a full summary of BS 5839 Part 6, please visit 'Fire Detection and Fire Alarm Systems for Buildings'.

Interlink Compatibility

Interlink Compatibility

Hardwire Interlink

Smoke alarms, heat alarms, and carbon monoxide alarms powered from a mains circuit will usually also have an interlink or interconnect terminal next to the live and neutral wire terminals. If one alarm detects a fire or CO emergency it will pass the signal to the other units which will also sound an alarm throughout the property. This is particularly important for large buildings or if the bedroom is located far away from the kitchen. Outhouses and garages can also be connected into the radio-interlinked alarm system for added peace of mind.

Mains alarms can be connected to nearby lighting circuits for power, provided the light switch does not also turn off power to the alarm, but the interlink wire must be separate and not 'piggy-back' on a mains circuit as smoke, heat, and CO alarms are not designed to take 230V in their interlink terminal. If the property does not already have mains-powered alarms wired in, or if testing one of your existing alarms does not also cause the other alarms to sound, then an electrician will need to install a new interlink cable throughout the building.

Radio-Interlink

Radio-interlinked smoke alarms, heat alarms, and carbon monoxide alarms communicate with each other via radio frequency (RF). If one alarm detects a fire or CO emergency it will pass the signal to the other units which will also sound an alarm throughout the property. This is particularly important for large buildings or if the bedroom is located far away from the kitchen. Outhouses and garages can also be connected into the radio-interlinked alarm system for added peace of mind.

Radio-interlinked alarms are sometimes referred to as wireless alarms, although this can be confusing when dealing with radio-interlinked units wired into the mains power supply in a building. Radio-interlinked alarms can be battery powered or mains powered, and we even offer battery operated smoke alarms, heat alarms, and carbon monoxide alarms with radio-interlink that contain a sealed battery which lasts the full ten years of the alarm's life.

Compatibility

Only interlink alarms with alarms from the same model range and manufacturer. Alarms from different manufacturers are not compatible and attempting to interlink them could damage the alarms. If in doubt, check the instruction manual for the alarms before purchase – we provide PDF instruction manual downloads for the majority of smoke, heat, and CO alarms on our website.

Some ranges support mixing hardwired and radio-interlink alarms in the same network, which can reduce electrician costs and disruption. All alarms on each storey would be connected together via hardwire interlink, with one alarm on each storey also being connected to each other via RF signal. This could also save money on product costs, as mains-powered alarms without radio-interlink are usually the cheapest option for interlinking alarms. Please confirm before purchase if you require this functionality.

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