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Electrical currents flow in one direction: from negative to positive, based on the relative difference in voltage between two points (AKA poles).
Polarised connections define terminals as positive or negative and are the most common type, especially on the scale of individual components or circuits. Failing to adhere to the polarity of the terminals will often result in the equipment breaking and / or may lead to dangerous electric shocks. Polarised connections requires less physical space and are simpler to make, keeping costs down, and can also help with design, testing, and locating the source of faults as the behaviour of each terminal can be predicted.
Non-polarised connections allow for their component terminals to be used in any order and typically only have two terminals. Such connections either have a symmetrical construction or implement additional components and circuitry to identify and route the current as needed. These are generally more robust and fault-tolerant as they are not affected by the direction of the electrical current, and can also be installed or replaced much easier and quicker.
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